International Conference THE HUNGER WEAPON May 11, 1996, Rome, Italy RESOLUTION "The Hunger Weapon" International Conference held in Rome on the 10th and 11th of May 1996, with the participation of jurists, humanitarian organizations, human rights activists as well as representatives of peace associations and international solidarity groups, political parties and labour unions from Italy, France, Spain, Britain, Germany, Greece, the United States, Nicaragua, Cuba, Libya, Tunisia, Ireland, Algeria and Iraq: considering * the serious sufferings of the civil population of Iraq caused by unprecedented sanctions imposed in the name of the United Nations against that country and which have in fact, and among other things, resulted in the deaths of well over 500,000 children, as has been certified by agencies of the same United Nations; * the serious consequences on the Cuban economy and people caused by the unilateral U.S. economic blockade which has been imposed for over 30 years and which has resulted in enormous difficulties to the economic and human development of that entire nation; * that gratuitously imposed sanctions against Libya are causing much suffering and problems in particular to the poorest part of the population; noting * the tendency of the U.S., Britain, and others from among the most wealthy and powerful countries to increasingly make use of the Security Council and its economic sanctions, or the threat of using them as a tool for advancing U.S. hegemonistic interests against those of the developing and formerly colonized countries of the world; * that these sanctions are also used as a means of strengthening U.S. hegemony among other industrialized countries; * that economic sanctions directly punish the civil population and particularly harm the poorest and weakest; * that blockades, a modern version of Middle Ages sieges, should be seen as a tool of war, totally inconsistent with the aims of the United Nations; * that, although the Security Council authorized the Secretary General to implement S.C. Resolution 986, the U.S. and Britain are interfering in the ongoing talks between Iraq and the U.N. concerning the sale of Iraqi oil for the purchase of food, medicines and other supplies needed for humanitarian purposes; believing moreover that economic sanctions, independently of the alledged motivation behind them, do in fact constitute a serious violation of: -the Fourth Geneva Convention for the Protection of Civilians During Times of War and the additional protocols; -the international conventions on humanitarian law and the Convention of The Rights of the Child -the conventions on free trade; -the right to life of an entire people since, as in the case of Iraq, sanctions result in genocide, a crime against humanity, as recognized in international law, with clear legal consequences; calls for -the immediate removal of Security Council sanctions against Iraq and Libya; -the immediate removal of the U.S. blockade against Cuba; -the ban of the use of sanctions as a means of intervening in international disputes appeals to peoples, individuals, organizations, peace and the international solidarity associations to mobilize towards this aim; condemns -U.S. interference in the negotiations between Iraq and the U.N. Secretary General in the implementation of S.C. Resolution 986 resolves -to declare January 17th 1997 as the "second world day of struggle against the civil embargoes" and to continue the mobilization started last year on that date in several countries -to publicize and distribute this conference's Resolution in all countries represented in the conference -to support initiatives contesting the application of sanctions using available legal procedures -to lobby UN member states to support a General Assembly resolution requesting the International Court of Justice for an Advisory Opinion regarding the legality of Security Council sanctions on Iraq. Rome 11th May 1996 Un ponte per...Associazione di volontariato per la solidarietà internazionale via della Guglia 69/a, 00186 Roma, tel 06/6780808 , fax 06/6793968, e-mail abridge@mbox.vol.it